An Introduction to orthodontics / Laura Mitchell ... [et al.].

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Preface for third edition -- Acknowledgments -- 1: Rationale For Orthodontic Treatment -- Definition -- Prevalence of malocclusion -- Need for treatment -- Demand for treatment -- Disadvantages and potential risk of orthodontic treatment -- Effectiveness of treatment -- Temporomandibular joint and orthodontics -- 2: Aetiology And Classification Of Malocclusion -- Aetiology of malocclusion -- Classifying malocclusion -- Commonly used classifications and indices -- Andrews six keys -- 3: Management Of The Developing Dentition -- Normal dental development -- Abnormalities of eruption and exfoliation -- Mixed dentition problems -- Planned extraction of deciduous teeth -- 4: Craniofacial Growth, The Cellular Basis Of tooth Movement And Anchorage (ZL Nelson-Moon) -- Introduction -- Craniofacial embryology -- Mechanisms of bone growth -- Postnatal craniofacial growth -- Growth rotations -- Craniofacial growth in the adult -- Growth of the soft tissues -- Control of craniofacial growth -- Growth prediction -- Biology of tooth movement -- Anchorage -- Cellular events during root resorption -- Summary -- 5: Orthodontic Assessment -- Purpose and aims of an orthodontic assessment -- Equipment -- Patients concerns -- Dental history -- Medical history -- Extra-oral examination -- Intra-oral examination -- Radiographic examination -- 6: Cephalometrics -- Cephalostat -- Indications for cephalometric evaluation -- Evaluating a cephalometric radiograph -- Cephalometric analysis: general points -- Commonly used cephalometric points and reference lines -- Anteroposterior skeletal pattern -- Vertical skeletal pattern -- Incisor position -- Soft tissue analysis -- Assessing growth and treatment changes -- Cephalometric errors -- 7: Treatment Planning (SJ Littlewood) -- Introduction -- General objectives of orthodontic treatment -- Forming an orthodontic problem list -- Aims of orthodontic treatment -- Skeletal problems and treatment planning -- Basic principles in orthodontic treatment planning -- Space analysis -- Informed consent and the orthodontic treatment plan -- Conclusions -- 8: Class I -- Aetiology -- Crowding -- Spacing -- Displaced teeth -- Vertical discrepancies -- Transverse discrepancies -- Bimaxillary proclination -- 9: Class II Division 1 -- Aetiology -- Occlusal features -- Assessment of and treatment planning in class II division 1 malocclusions -- Early treatment -- Management of an increased overjet associated with a class I or mild class II skeletal pattern -- Management of an increase overjet with a moderate to severe class II skeletal pattern -- Retention -- 10: Class II Division 2 -- Aetiology -- Occlusal features -- Management -- 11: Class III -- Aetiolgoy -- Occlusal features -- Treatment planning in class III malocclusions -- Treatment options -- 12: Anterior Open Bite And Posterior Open Bite -- Definitions -- Aetiology of anterior open bite -- Management of anterior open bite -- Posterior open bite -- 13: Crossbites -- Definitions -- Aetiology -- Types of crossbite -- Management -- Clinical effectiveness -- 14: Canines -- Facts and figures -- Normal development -- Aetiology of maxillary canine displacement -- Interception of displaced canines -- Assessing maxillary canine position -- Management of buccal displacement -- Management of palatal displacement -- Resorption -- Transposition -- 15: Planning Anchorage (B Doubleday) -- What is anchorage and why is it important? -- Assessing anchorage requirements -- Types of anchorage -- Reinforcing anchorage -- Extra-oral anchorage and traction -- Monitoring anchorage during treatment -- Common problems with anchorage -- Summary -- 16: Retention (SJ Littlewood) -- Introduction -- Definition of relapse -- Aetiology of relapse -- How common is relapse? -- Informed consent and relapse -- Retainers -- Adjunctive techniques used to reduce relapse -- Conclusions about retention -- 17: Removable Appliances -- Mode of action of removable appliances -- Designing removable appliances -- Active components -- Retaining the appliance -- Baseplate -- Commonly used components and designs -- Fitting a removable appliance -- Monitoring progress -- Appliance repairs -- 18: Fixed Appliances -- Principles of fixed appliances -- Indications for the use of fixed appliances -- Components of fixed appliances -- Treatment planning for fixed appliances -- Practical procedures -- Fixed appliance systems -- Decalcification and fixed appliances -- Starting with fixed appliances -- 19: Functional appliances (SJ Littlewood) -- Definition -- History -- Overview -- Timing of treatment -- Types of malocclusion with functional appliances -- Types of functional appliance -- Clinical management of functional appliances -- How functional appliances work -- Adult Orthodontics (SL Littlewood) -- Introduction -- Specific problems in adult orthodontic treatment -- Orthodontics and periodontal disease -- Orthodontics treatment as an adjunct to restorative work -- Aesthetic orthodontic appliances -- 21: Orthodontics And Surgery (SL Littlewood) -- Introduction -- Indications for treatment -- Objectives of combined orthodontics and orthognathic surgery -- Diagnosis and treatment plan -- Planning -- Common surgical procedures -- Sequence of treatment -- Retention and relapse -- 22: Cleft Lip And Palate And Other Craniofacial Anomalies -- Prevalence -- Aetiology -- Classification -- Problems in management -- Co-ordination of care -- Management -- Audit of cleft palate care -- Other craniofacial anomalies -- 23: Orthodontic First Aid -- Fixed appliance -- Removable appliance -- Functional appliance (see also problems related to removable appliances) -- Headgear -- Miscellaneous -- Definitions -- Index.

From the Publisher: Orthodontics is concerned with facial growth and the development of the dentition and occlusion. A solid understanding of orthodontics is an essential prerequisite to treatment planning in children and invaluable in the management of adult dentition. As a result of the speed at which clinical practice changes, a new edition of which clinical practice changes, a new edition of An Introduction to Orthodontics will prove invaluable. This popular textbook continues to provide a first-rate introduction to current thinking and the practice of orthodontics. This is an extremely readable and user-friendly book for both undergraduate dentistry students and the interested general dental practitioner alike. The strength of the book lies in its logical and concise format and is complemented by over 350 full-color photographs.